皮膚抗老

Skin is our body's largest barrier and can be considered our largest organ. Beyond its outward appearance, our skin prevents moisture loss and protects the body from direct contact with external substances. Skin aging can be attributed to internal aging processes and external environmental damage:

Internal Factors
Skin aging is closely related to the body's aging process and genetic factors. Influenced by genetic damage or metabolic factors, physiological changes occur with age. These manifest as noticeable thinning of the skin, dryness, fine lines, and gradually losing elasticity. Known causes of skin aging include a reduction in basal cell proliferation, and a decrease in the contact area that transports nutrients between the epidermis and dermis. This further weakens the proliferation ability of basal cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, mast cells, and others, collectively known as Cellular Senescence.

Other issues include a decrease in the ability to repair cellular DNA damage, consumption of telomeres that protect chromosomes, mitochondrial DNA mutations, genetic mutations, accumulation of oxidants, chromosomal mutations, chronic inflammation, etc.

Disruptions in TGF-β/Smad signaling, and the subsequent downregulation of downstream connective tissue growth factors, lead to loss of extracellular matrix components in fibroblasts, such as elastin, protofibrillar proteins, and collagen fibers. Other conditions include a decrease in oligosaccharides and weakened skin hydration and moisture retention capabilities.

External Factors
Known external causes of aging include air pollution, smoking, poor nutrition, and exposure to sunlight, which can lead to coarse wrinkles, loss of elasticity, sagging, and roughness in the skin. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun is considered the primary cause of 80% of visible aging on the skin's surface, which can potentially lead to skin cancer.

UV damage to the skin differs from the above-mentioned internal factors; it causes skin thickening, with keratinocytes becoming damaged and thickened due to UV exposure. The surface protein sorting of basal cells gets damaged by UV light, significantly reducing the proliferation of epidermal stem cells, damaging keratinocytes, and leading to collagen breakdown/reduction and elastin tissue decomposition, resulting in deep wrinkle formation.

UV light also causes inflammation in the skin, increases oxidants, disrupts normal skin function, reduces collagen production and increases its breakdown, and exacerbates genetic damage leading to rough and aged skin.

Several skin anti-aging methods have gained considerable recognition in clinical research over the past few decades.

Daily self-care practices include:
1) Use of "truly sun-protective" sunscreen during the day/avoidance of sunlight exposure.;
2) Use of doctor-prescribed Retinoids skincare products at night;
3) Limiting dietary intake and sugar absorption, avoiding smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke;
4) Increasing the body's NAD+ levels to repair genetic damage and provide comprehensive prevention/anti-aging.

There are also other skin anti-aging treatments that require a doctor's treatment. For more information, consult your doctor.。